One of the most common types of personal injuries are fractures of the bone skeleton. Most of them stem from sports and road accidents, while it may be due to domestic violence.
The trauma of Oral and Maxillofacial area or else facial trauma, as it is usually called, includes injury of the visceral cranium area (i.e. forehead, eye socket, cheekbone bones, upper and lower jaws).
Fractures include one or more of the following anatomical landmarks.
- lower jaw,
- upper jaw,
- palate, cheekbones, orbit, frontal bones.
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In cases of complex or extensive facial fractures, multiple incisions may be required to uncover subsidiary parts. That is necessary to combine techniques of placing osteosynthetic materials (plates / screws titanium).
The technique of reduction and immobilization depends on the complexity and severity of the fracture.
In the case of fracture in the upper or lower jaw, for instance, metal clamps may be placed up and down between the teeth and link elastically. Thus, the upper jaw is immobilized at the lower jaw or plates / screws may placed to achieve immobilization of fractures letting the jaws free.
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